Motor-rail vehicle



May 1o, 193s. M. A. LUCE 2,116,525

MOTORRAIL VEHICLE Filed Feb. l2, 1936 l2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY May 10, 1938. M. A. LUCE 2,116,525

MOTOR-RAIL VEHICLE L Filed Feb. 12', 195e 12 sneets-sheetxz IN V EN TOR.

'MLo/VA. .LUCE

A TTORNEY May 10, 1938. M. A. LUCE MOTOR-RAIL VEHICLE Filed Feb. 12, 1936l l2 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. Mura/VA .LUCE 5yd Mu @ma l ATTORNEY wdm EN AGM SEMS.

f May l0, 1938. Ml A. LUCE 2,116,525

. MOTOR-RAIL VEHICLE Filed Feb. 12, '195e 12 sheets-sheet 4 INVENTOR.

WHW@

A TTORNE Y May 10, 1938. M. A. LUCE 2,116,525

MOTOR-RAIL VEHICLE Filed Feb. 12, 1956 12 sheets-Sheet 5 W11. l; 3a /30 3a I l 3e 3e 37 37 34 35 I 337 337 35 37 l .9o/QH '33.0 I t "x #301 I' 'l s :jl u 1; "u. $3

'357 Mw m ATTORNEY May 10, 1938. M, A, LUCE 2,116,525

MOTOR-RAIL VEHICLE Filedv Feb. l2, 1936 l2 Sheets-Sheet 6 l INVENTOR.

'Mut/VA .Lz/CE Wam/am ATTORNEY May l0, 1938. M. A. LUCE MOTOR-RAIL VEHICLE Filed Feb. l2, 1936 12 Sheets-Sheet '7 5 R.c o ouwm 7 man m 8 m T M A 8 T 8% @maw A 5 ,M 6 1 w v .Y B H w in.. m -Lm zw m5 l|\ a. Ca n m.. a o0 l a. ...1... a 0 J la Filed Feb. l2, 1936 l2 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTOR.

.7V/TON A. LUCE A TTORNEY May 10, 1938.

M. A. LUCE 2,116,525

MOTOR-RA1L VEH'ICLE Filed Feb. l2, 1936 l2 Sheets--Sheefl 9 IN1/wmp. ML TUA/ L UCE A TTORNEY May 10, 1938. M. A, LUCE 2,116,525

MOTGR-RAIL VEHICLE Filed Feb. l2, 1936 l2 Sheets-Shea?I 10 IN1/5N JDR. WL ro/v A .L UCE www A TTORNE Y May 1Q, 1938. M. A. LUCE MOTOR-RAIL VEHICLE Filed Feb. l2, 1936 l2 Sheets-Sheet l1 INVENTOR.

Mu. TON A .LUCE

A TTORNEY May 1o, 1938.

M. A. LUCE 2,116,525

MOTOR-RAIL VEHICLE Filed Feb. l2, 1936 l2 Sheets-Sheet l2 INVENTOR.

M/L To/v A .Lc/c5.

A TTORNEY Patented May l0, 1938 UNIT-ED STATES PA'nNT OFFICE 19 Claims.

My invention relates to roadrail vehicles and particularly to the type of vehicle adapted for operation on smooth road beds and track road beds. v

'Ihe broad object of my invention is to provide a roadrail vehicle whichcan be used on one or the other type of road bed and in which the change from road to rail operation can be eiiected by the driver without the necessity of his getting out of the vehicle cab and without requiring any other assistance, and by means which are controlled entirely from within the reach of the operator. b

One object of my invention is to provide a rail unit adapted for attachment to a conventional road motor truck, as an accessory, converting it into a roadrail vehicle.

Another object of my inventicn is to provide a roadrail vehicle in which the drive to the road Wheels and to the rail wheels is through the same differential and axle.

Another object of my invention is to provide a.l

Another object of my invention is to provide a cam control for positive locking of the parts in the rail position and in the road position.

Another object of my invention is to provide means for using the rear road brake of the vehicle as a locking mechanism or clutch to effect the swingingof the wheel shifting mechanism and also to use them as the brake means when in the shifted position.

Another object of my invention is to provide a roadrail vehicle in which the shift from the rail to the road position and vice versa is accomplished by the rotation of one axle about the other.

Another object of my invention is to provide for ,45 the eccentric mounting of one drive axle about Another object of my invention is to provide a roadrail vehicle having a gear drive to the road wheel, and having therrail wheels mounted on the driving axle extending from the dierential.

Another object of my invention is to provide a roadrail vehicle having a yieldable engagement of the gear shifting means when changing from the road to the rail drive position and vice versa.

Another object of my invention is to provide means attached to the roadrail unit to assure proper positioning and guiding of the part during the shifting operation.

- Another object of the invention is to provide means for positively limiting the rotation 'of the unit in shifting from the road to the rail position and vice versa.

Another object of my invention is to provide `a front rail truck which fits onto the front axle of the vehicle and will lturn to clear the road wheel and likewise permit the steering road wheel a full turning radius when the rail wheel unit is retracted.

Other objects of my invention will appear from the description which is to follow.

Y In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this speciiication and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the roadrail vehicle with the body, engine and parts of the control mechanism omitted;

Fig. 2 is the device of Fig. 1 in side elevation, showing the road wheels in operative position;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the rail wheels in operative position;

Fig. 4 is a plan view, with certain parts omitted but showing the control pipes and part of the control valve actuating mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the front end showing the road wheels in operative position;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the front end on the line 6-6 of Fig. 7 showing the rail wheels in operative position;

Fig. 7 is a top plan view partly in cross section, of the front end with the engine, hood, etc. omitted.

` Fig. 8 is a cross section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a cross section on the line 9 9 of Fig. '7, showing the rail unit frame only;

Fig. 10 is a cross section on the line Illl0 of Fig. '1:

Fig. 11 is a front end elevation partly in section, showing the road wheels in operative position;

Fig. 12 is a front end elevation partly in section showing the rail wheels in operative position;

Fig. 14 is a side elevation of the lett rear wheels and frame section partially in cross section and 'with the rail wheel partly broken away to show vthe road wheel and related parts;

Fig. 15 isa side elevation oi' the same vrear wheels as above. with the rail wheel in operative position;

Fig. 13 is a side elevation, partly in cross section, taken on the line |3|3 oi Fig. 1 and with other parts omitted to show the wheel shifting mechanism;

Fig. 17 is a view partly in cross section taken along the line |'|-'|1 of Fig. 16;

Flg.,18 is a detailed view of the shifting mechanism shown in Fig. 17;

Fig. 19 is a cross section 'on the line |3|3 of Pig. 2; v Fig. 20 is a view of the left rear wheel partly broken away. looking from the rear toward the Afront ofthe vehicle, showing the road wheel in operative position;

Fig. 21 is a side elevation of the wheel in Fis. 20, partly 4broken away to show the shifting mechanism;

Fig. 22 is a view oi the wheel shown in Pis. 20 with the parts shifted for rail operation; y.

Fig. 23 is an end view of the wheel in Fig. 22

lwith the parts broken away to show the internal gear structure;

Fig. 24 isa perspective view of the side frame member where the radius rod is connected; Fig. 25 is a cross section of the radius rod locking means mounted in the frame;

Fig. 26 is a distended perspective view of the parts comprising the shifting mechanism mounted in the rear wheel housing;

Fig. 2v is a deban perspecuve'view or thesmft Fig; 32 is a cross section on the line 32-32 of Fig. 30.

As stated, the object of my invention is to provide a practical operative road rail unit which can be attached to an existing motor truck as an accessory. Obviously. it can be built into the truck as original equipment where desired.

In general the device comprises the usual motor truck with a frame 33 having a rear axle housing 3| carried by springs 32 shackled to the frame at 33, and a front axle 34 likewise attached to a spring 35 which is shackled to the frame at 33. On the ends of the front axle 34 are the usual steering knuckles 31 providing spindles for the iront steering wheels 33. These wheels are guided by means of the steering mechanism 43 and the conventional linkage (not shown).

The rear end The rear axle has attached to it the drive tube 4| having a universal connection 42 with the short drive tube 43 mounted rigidly in the frame cross member 44. 'Ihe rods 4I' brace the drive Fig. 13 isa side elevation in section,4 taken on the line |3|3 of Fig. 11:

tube and the axle housing 3|.. Thus far, the parts described are the conventional units of amotor truck. l

Inllig. 19 is shown in cross section, the unit I add to each end of the rear axle housing 3|. Certain parts are conventional, such as the brake anchorand dust plate 43 riveted to flange 41 on actuating levers 43 and 33, adapted through suitable linkage to press the brake-bands 5|, and 32, respectively, against the 'brake drum 53. 34 is the conventional brake adjustment' cam, and is carried by the dust plate 43.

' The axle 33 extends out through the end of housing 3| and has splined on its outer end, a clutch dog 3|. 'I'he axle 60 I have illustrated is of the full-floating type and at its inner end (not shown) it projects into one side of the diierential mechanism (not shown) It is through this axle 33 that the driving torque 'is carried to both the road wheel 33 and the rail wheel 39.

'I'he rail wheel 39 is bolted to ilange 32 on hub 33. .This same flange also carries the brake drum 33. The hub 33 is mounted on roller bearings 34 and 35 which are in turn supported on the end of the axle housing 3|. A retaining nut 33 holds the outer bearing 35 in position. Roller bearing 34 is retained in position by the shoulder 31.' 33 represents a` tubular portion overlying the hub 33 and preferably is made integral with the rail wheel webbing 33. The outer surface of the tubular member 31 serves as a bearing mem- 'ber for purposes that will subsequently be described. In addition to the bolts 10 that hold the rail wheel to the flange 62 I provide a retainer plate 1| rigidly secured over the end ofthe hub 33 by the cap screws 12.

^ housing 3|. In this plate are mounted the brake The retainer plate 1| has an opening in the t center provided withnotches 13. At the outer edge it extends beyond the hub 33 and serves to hold the tubular member 69 in position.

It also has an additional function which will be described subsequently.

When driving through the axle 33 to the rail wheel 39. power is transmitted from the clutch dog 3| splined on the axle to this retainer plateA 1| and thence to the hub 63. The projections 14 on the 'clutch dog 3| slidably engage with the notches 13 in the retaining plate 1|. Figs. 3, l5, 22 and 23, show the parts in position with the drive through the rail wheels.

The road wheels 33 are carried by the same axle housing 3| by means of the following mechanism. A spindle anchor plate 80 is provided with a bearing recess 3| which ts the tubular bearing member 39, in such a way that the anchor plate 3|) can be rotated around the axle and housing 3|. Thus the spindle shaft 32, held in the plate 30 by nut 33, can be shifted to a position above or below the main axle shaft 30 by rotation of the plate 33. In Fig. 19 it is shown in a position below axle 30. The retaining plate 1| serves also as a retaining member to hold the anchor plate 33 on the tubular bearing member 69.

In or on the anchor plate 80 is mounted the mechanism required for driving the road wheels 33. On the spindle 82 are the roller bearings 34 and which fit in the hub 33 of the road wheel 33. Integral with the hub 33 is the brake drum. 31 having the stepped portion 33 and the bolts 90. In the stepped portion 38 of the drum is fitted the internal gear 9|, held against rotation by the cap screws 92. Fitted in the bottom of the brake drum portion 31 is an oil retainer 93 having a leather ange 94 spring pressed against a flange atrasos 3 85 on the anchor plate 80. This grease retainer serves to confine the grease contained in the housing formed by the anchor plate 30 and the brake drum housing 3B.

The hub 36 is retained on the spindle 02 oy means of the usual nut 06.

The road wheels 36 comprise the tires |00 with tubes as. rims m and web portions |02, the 1stter being bolted to the wheel hub 36 by means of the nuts |03.

A brake anchor and dust plate |04 is suitably attached to the spindle anchor plate 60. In this plate |04 (see Fig. 16), is mounted the brake mechanism for the road wheel 30. This mechanism comprises the brake shoes |05, adjustable links |06, retraction springs |01 and actuating cams |06 carried on the lever I I0. I I is the conventional brake adjustment cam and is carried by plate |04.

Pinion gear I2 is loosely mounted on the outer end of axle 60, the latter being supported at its outer end in bracket II3 which is secured by cap screws |30 to anchor plate 00 (see Figs. 30, 31). The pinion ||2 is in constant mesh with the internal ring gear 0|. It drives the latter only when the clutch dog 6| is shifted to the left (see Fig. 19) so that the male member |I4 nests in the female member I I5 on the face of pinion I2. In this position the male member 14 is disengaged from the female member 13 in the retaining plate 1| so that the rail wheel will not be driven. The clutch dog 6| is arranged so that it disengages one driven member before engaging the other driven member.

Subsequently I shall describe a modification of this driving mechanism (see Figs. 30, 31 and 32) which is particularly useful where varying gear ratios between the axle 60 and the road wheel 30 are required.

The clutch dog 6I is shifted by means of the yoke ||6, pivoted to bosses ||1 on the anchor plate 30. Fig. 26 shows the parts comprising the shifting mechanism in a distended, but relative position. Shifting yoke ||6 has the pins 0 which engage the slot |20 in clutch dog 6|. At its other end it has an extension |2| and a stop member |22. Movement of the yoke ||6 is controlled in one direction by the spring |23 and in the opposite by the toggle mounted bolt |24. Movement of the bolt |24 is effected by its attached frame |25, |26 and |21, the latter having roller |20 mounted in it. Movement of f the frame, in turn, is enacted by a swinging cam |30 mounted to rotate about pivot |3| on boss |32 in the anchor plate 80. The cam. face |30 bears against roller |28. The cam |30 also carries rollers |33 which bear against another cam |34,- which is actuated by air chamber |35 (see Figs. 16, 17, 18, 19 and 26). Fig. 17 shows cam |30 in its innermost position and Fig. 18V shows cam |30 moved outwardly by cam |34, mounted on rod |36, actuated by the air cylinder |35. In the position shown in Flg. 1'1 the clutch dog 6| is in engagement with retaining plate 1| (see Fig. 22). In the position shown in Fig. 18 the clutch dog 6| is in engagement with the pinion gear ||2 (see Figs. 19 and 20) Movement of the shifting yoke ||6 into the position shown in Figs. 18, 19 and 20 is positive, while movement of the clutch yoke into the position shown in Figs. 17 and 22 is not positive but is eifected by means of the spring |23. The latter permits the male members 14 on the clutch dog 6| to move into align-- ment with the slots 13 in plate 1|, under no more side pressure than that exerted by the spring |23.

During operation of the vehicle on the rails there is very little shock transmitted to these parts and the spring |23 is adequate to maintain the clutch dog in engagement with the retainer ring 1|. On the other hand, when the vehicle is being operated on the road it is preferable to have a positive locking of the shifting yoke IIB. I accomplish this by means of the forked member |31 which is also'pivoted on the bosses ||1 and has a hole |30 extending through its cross member |40. The toggle bolt |24 passes through hole |38. On the unpivoted end of the forked member are two inwardly extending pins |4I which engage in the threads |42 of a screw |43 mounted on shaft |44. As the shaft |44 rotates back and forth through about degrees the fork |31 likewise moves in and out. Shaft |44 is caused to rotate by being rigidly attached to radius rod |46. It will be seen by reference to Figs. 17, 18 or 26 that movement of fork |31 toward the anchor plate 80 will effect a positive' movement of the shifting yoke ||6 due to contact of cross member |40 with boss |46 on member |25; whereas, movement-of fork |31 away from anchor plate 30, under the influence of screw |43 will only serve to compress spring |23 if cams |30 and |34 are in the position shown in Fig. 18 holding the shifting yoke I|6 in against anchor plate 00.

To secure a positive, controlled and limited movement ofthe anchor plate 80 around the hub 63 I mount radius rods |45 along the side of the vehicle. These are attached at one end to the pin |44 suitably mounted in a bearing in anchor plate 80. At the other end they are pivotally mounted at I 50 to link I5 the latter being rigidly attached to the ends of shaft |52 which extends across the frame 30 and is journalled therein, at I 53 and in an extension of the frame |54, |55

'and |56. The shaft |52 has securely attached to it two discs |51, one being located near each of its ends. On the rim of each disc is a slot |58 adapted to receive a pin |60. This slot |56 is so positioned that when the radius rod |45 is in the position shown in Figs. 2, 3, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20, 22, and 24, the pin will engage the slot as shown in Fig. 25. The pin |50 slides in a housing I 6| and4 has secured to it a collar |62 to transmit the pressure exerted by spring |63, which is always acting to urge the pin into the slot and to hold the pin against the face of the disc |51 whenever it is out of slot |58. In addition to its function in retaining the shaft |52 in a fixed position the pin |60 as it slides into the slot |58 also can eect a closing of the air control valve |64. Thusl whenever, the pin |60 is out of slot |53 in disc |51, the air valve |64 causes air to enter the chambers |35 and |65 through conduit |66, |61, |68 and |10.

The effect of connecting the air storage tanks |1| with the pressure chambers |35 and |65 first, is to cause the brake |05 (see Fig. 16) to grip the brake drum 81 and establish a rigid connection between the anchor plate 60 and the road wheel 36, and secondly, to shift the yoke ||6 inwardly thereby engaging the clutch dog 6| with the pinion gear ||2. With the parts in this condition, any rotation of axle shaft 60 will cause the brake anchor plate 30 to rotate on its bearing 8|. This rotation, will shift the spindle 82 from its position below axle 60 to a position above axle 60 (see Fig. 22), and the rail wheel will be in position supporting the vehicle.

From the description of the rear wheel unit thus far, it is apparent that, as the road wheel.

Cil

38, carried on the spindle 82 in the pivoted anchor plate 80,' is rotated about the axle housing 3| on its bearing 8|, the radius rod |45 which rigidly fastened to pin |44 will cause the lattertin'A rotate in its bearing in the anchor plate 80.

Movement of the radius rod during the shift is forward and then backward. This will be appreciated by reference to Figs. 14 and 15. Fig. 14 showsv the radius rod with the road wheel in operating position and Fig. 15 shows the radius rod with the fail wheel in operating position. In passing from the road to the railposition the radius rod, suspended on link |5|. moves forward and then backward into the position shown in Fig. 15.

When the radius rod |45 is in the position shown in either Fig. 14 or Fig. 15 the discs |51 and cross rod |52 are in the position shown in Fig. with the pins |60 engaging slots |58. Likewise when in operating position the radius rod I and link |5| assume the position shown in Fig. 2.

The radius rod |45 serves several purposes, first, as a control member for the anchor plate 80 as it pivots about the axle housing; second, as a means for rotating pin |44 so as to lock positively the clutch dog 6| in the road position; third, as a conduit for the air control line |61; and fourth, as a connecting means with the disc |51 for accomplishing automatic cessation of the shift from one position to another once it is put under way by the operator.

The power for accomplishing the movement of the anchor plate 80 from the rail position to the road position or vice versa is not supplied through the radius rod nor through the link |5|, but is taken directly from the axle 60 and in this way I am able to achieve a great simplification of the structure.

When it is desired to shift from one position to the other, it is necessary that the pinion gear H2 be in operative engagement with the axle 60. This is accomplished by moving the clutch dog 6| so that male member ||4 will engage the female member H5. Movement of the clutch dog 6| is effected by the shifting fork |6. Next, the air chamber |35 is actuated causing the shaft |36 to move to the right which causes cams |34 and |30 to coact and pull the shifting yoke ||6 from the position shown in Fig. 17, into the position shown in Figs. 18 and 19. This can be done regardless of the position of the thread |42 on the screw |43 because of the spring |23 which is compressed as the shifting yoke ||6 is pulled to- 'ward the anchor plate air chamber |35.

With the connection now established between the axle and the pinion ||2 and internal gear 9|, any movement of axle 60 would cause the road wheels to rotate. But more is needed to eiect a shift fromroad to rail position for under the conditions so far established the road wheel would rotate, so to accomplish instead a rotation of the anchor plate` 80 about its bearings 8|, 69, I provide the second air chamber (see Figs. 16 and 17) which is actuated simultaneously with power chamber |35 and applies brake |05, thereby locking the brake drum 81 to the anchor plate 80. This establishes a positive non-rotating connection between the axle 60 and the tires |00 on the road wheel 38.

Any reverse rotation of the axle 60 will cause the anchor plate 80 to rotate and will effect a lowering of the rail wheel 39 (see Fig. 19) into contact with the road or rail. Further reverse rotation of the vaxle Sil will rotate the anchor plate 80 intothe position shown in Figs. l5 and 22, where the road wheel is out of Acontact with the road and the radius rod |45 has assumed the position shown in Figs. 3, 15, and 22.

R ta',tioir `oithtn |44 (see Figs. 19 and 26) attached toradius rod |45 has caused the screw |42 to carry the locking member |31 into the position shown in Fig. 22, that is, away from anchor plate 80, and this has caused the spring |23 to be compressed between cross member |40 and the extension |2| ofthe shifting yoke I6, so that the instant the cam |30 is released, the spring |23 will cause yoke ||6 to shift the clutch dog 6| out of engagement with pinion gear ll2.

As soon as the connection with gear ||2 is broken, clutch dog male members 14 enter the female members 13 in the retaining. ring 1| and establish a driving connection between the axle 60 and the wheel hub 63 which carries the rail Wheel 39. The road wheel is then in the position shown in Fig. 22 and is inactive, although free to rotate, as it would do if some obstruction adjacent the tracks were to contact tires |00.

By means of a mechanism to be described subsequently, the movement of axle 60 during this shifting operation ls automatically limited to stop when the anchor plate 80 has rotated into the positionlast described and the pin |60 (see Fig. 25) has fallen into slot |58. Also this automatic mechanism functions to close valve |64 and release the brake |05 and shifting yoke H6.

Before passing to a description of the mechanism which effects the operation of the air cnambers |35 and |65 I shall describe the braking as applied to the rear wheels.

The brakes 5| and 52 for the rail wheels are the conventional brakes found on the rear axle of a motor truck and are actuated by rotating rods 48 and 50 respectively. These are not disturbed in the application of my device on the ends of the housing and these brakes are to be used only during rail operation of the vehicle.

I have discovered that when running on the rails a more delicate control of the application of the brake is required than during road operation and for this reason I provide a separate air chamber |80 (see Fig. 4) which connects with the conventional linkage to the rear brakes on the axle housing (not shown except as in Fig. 19). These brakes are actuated by the hand valve |8| set below the steering mechanism 40 in the operators cabin. The same valve |8| also actuates air pressure chambers |83 and |84 which apply the front wheel rail brakes. The brakes in the rear rail wheels function merely in stopping the vehicle, and do not have the dual function of the road wheel brakes mounted on the anchor plate 80 and working on drum 81.

Air is supplied to the operating chamber |80 as well as to all other power devices employed from the air storage tanks I1| in which it is compressed by the compressor |82.

, As explained, the road Wheel air brakes also 6 play an important part in the shifting operation, and their control for braking and for shifting is effected through the same valve actuated however through independent levers.

When on the road, the air brakes are conair valve |64, and comprises the arm |9| ex- 75 ananas the ioot brakes .by means of pedal |95 it is only necessary that the control valve pin |93 in valve |94 should be `depressed by the arm |92 on lever |99. 4

4The connecting link 200 between the lever |99 and the lever |99 on rod |95 does not haveA any function in the application of the road brake by means oi' the foot pedal 4|95 and in order that i the foot pedal may be applied without disturbing the position of the shifting mechanism and levers mountedV on the rod |95, I provide a yoke `having the rod 200 oating in it with a nut 292 adjusted for the purpose to be explained later.

When the road brakes are applied by the foot lever, |95 the rod 209 moves to the right see Fig. 29) and does not effect any movement of the lever |99 due to this lost motion connection. I provide a spring 203 on the rod 290 to avoid .any rattling of the parts. 'I'his spring 203 is not stiii enough to cause any movement oi the lever |99 and its connected parts, when. the rod 200 is moved to the right upon application o! the foot brake. l A

When used for shifting, (see Fig. 29) the air brake valve |94 is actuated by hand lever 204,1`

pivotally connected to rod 205, the latter being also pivotally connected to lever |94 attached also to cross-rod |95, journaled in frame 30. Lever |99, attached also to cross-rod |95, is connected to rod 209 by the lost motion device 29|, for the purpose above described. When hand lever 204 is pulled back,4 any lost motion is taken up and through rod 200 the valve lever |9I. |92 is justed that air valve |94 will be held open in.

this manner. When the shift is completed and discs |51 have returned to normal position, pins |90 fall into slots |59 (see Fig. 25) and through the above linkage the air valve |94 closes automatically. The operator by pulling back on hand lever 204, can prevent pins |90 from falling into slots |59 and hold val/ve |94 open, although this should be done only "at the start of a shifting operation, and not at the iinish.

With the road wheel drive thus far described and shown, for instance in Fig. 19, the drive is through the axle 90 and the pinion gear ||2, which drives to the internal ring gear 9|. This gives a considerable reduction in speed of the road wheel and the engine, compared to the reduction in drive between the engine and the rail wheel. In most installations, I prefer to providemeans which will give an approximately equal ratio between the axle 50 and the rail wheels when they are in operation and between the axle 69 and the road wheels when the latter are in operation. I accomplish this by means of the construction shown in Figs. 30, 31 and 32.

Fig. 32 is in most particulars like Fig. 19, exceptl for the provision of the gear train drive between the pinion ||2 and the ring pinion on the hub of the road wheel, which ring pinion replaces the internal ring gearV 9| on the construction shown in Fig. 19.

In Fig. 32, the axle 90 extends out through the end ot' housing 3| and has splined on its outer end a clutch dog 9|. 'Ihe axle 90 I have illustrated is Vof the full-floating type and at its inner end (not shown) it projects into one side o! the diierentiall mechanism (not shown). It is through this axle 90 that the driving torque is carried to both the road wheel 39 and the rail wheel 39. It is also through this axle 90 that the shift of the rear wheels is driven.

The rail wheel 39 is bolted to ange 02 on hub 93. I'his same ilange also carries the brake drum 53.. The hub 93 is mounted on roller bearings 94 and 95 Vwhich are in turn supported on the end of the axle housing 3|. A retaining nut 99 holds the outer bearing 95 in position. Roller bearing 94 is retained in position by the shoul- :der 91. A retainer plate 1| is rigidly secured over the end of the hub'93 by cap screws 12, and has an opening in the center provided with notches 13 to be engaged by the clutch dog 9|. When driving through the axle 90 to the rail wheel 39, power is transmitted from the clutch dog 9|, splined on the axle, to this retainer plate 1| and thence to the hub 93. The projections 14 on the clutch dog 9| slidably engage with the notches 13 inthe retaining plate 1|. Figs. `3, 15. 22 and 23 show the parts in position with the drive through the rail wheels.

The road wheels 30 are carried by the same axle housing 3| by means of the following mechanism. A spindle anchor plate 90' is provided with a bearing recess 9| into which nts the roller bearings 99. to the hub 93 in such a way that the anchor These are i'ltted on the inside plate 99 can be rotated around the axle 90 and hold th'e anchor plate 99 on the hub 93, since it` presses against the inner race of the outer roller bearing 9'9.

In or on the anchor plate 90 is mounted the mechanism required for driving the road wheels 39. 0n the spindle 92 are the roller bearings 94 and 95 which tlt in the hub 99 of the road wheel 39. Integral with the hub 99 is the brake drum 91 havingthe stepped portion 99 to provide space for the drive mechanism. Fitted in the bottom of the brake drum portion 91 is an oil retainer 93 havinga leather iiange 94 spring pressed against a" ilange 95 on the anchor plate 90. This grease retainer serves to coniine the greasecontained in the housing formed by the anchor plate 90 and the brake drum housing 99.

'The hub 99 is retained .on the spindle 82 by means of the usual nut 99.

The road wheels 39 comprise the tires |00 with tubes 99, rims |0| and web portions |02, the latter being bolted to the wheel hub`95 by means of the nuts |03.

A brake anchor and dust plate |04 is attached to the anchor plate 90. In this plate |04 (see Fig. 16) is mounted thebrake mechanism for the road wheel 39. This mechanism comprises the brake shoes |05, adjustable links |09, retraction springs|01 and actuating cams |09 carried on the lever ||0. is the conventional brake adjustment cam and is carried by plate |04.

The drive mechanism to the road wheel 38 comprises .the pinion H2, idler gears 98, and ring `pinion gear 91. Gear 91 is rigidly secured to road wheel hub 86 and is in constant mesh with idler gears 98, which in turn are always in mesh with pinion H2. i A

Pinion gear |12 is loosely mounted on the -outer end of axle 60, the latter being supported at its outer end in a roller bearing |09 set in bracket ||3. 'Ihe pinion ||2 drives gears 98 and 91 only when the clutch dog 6| is shifted to the left (see Fig. 32) so that the lugs ||4 nest in the female member on the face of clutch dog 6|. In this position the male member 14 is disengaged from the female member 13 in the retaining plate 1| so that the rail wheel is not driven. The clutch dog 6I is arranged so that it disengages one driven member before engaging the other driven member.

Figs. 30 and 31 show the idler gear 98 mounted in bracket II3, bolted to anchor plate 80 by cap screws |39. The idlers 98 are loosely mounted on short shafts |41, journaled in bracket ||3 and its extension member |48.

Except for the change in the drive to the road wheels, just described, and for the mounting of the anchor plate 80 on roller bearings 89, the structure is like the one in Fig. 19 and the shift from road to rail, and vice versa is accomplished in an identical manner and by the identical means (see Fig. 26) already described. By using the ring pinion gear 91 on the hub 86 and thev idlers 98, I can provide a construction by which I can secure a variation in gear ratios between the shaft 60 and road wheel 38. As shown in Figs. 30, 31, and 32, the ratio is one to one, but by changing the size of gears l|2 and 91 (necessitating a change in the positioning of idlers 98 in their frame H3) I can secure .a variety of ratios.

The front end While it is possible, and under certain circumstances feasible, to employ for the front end of the roadrail vehicle a device similar to that used on the rear end, I prefer to employ a small truck 300 having the small wheels 30| mounted in suitable roller bearings 302 (see Fig. '7) on the ends of axles 303. The axles in turn are mounted in the enlarged ends of longitudinal frame members 304. The axles 303 serve as the cross members.

The ends of the longitudinal frame members 304 are enlarged to form the ilangelike member 305 on which the front wheel brake shoes 306 are anchored. I have shown a cable operated brake although any other form might be used. The

" brake comprises the shoes 306, the adjusting mechanism 301, the actuating cam 308 and the cable 3|0 carried in the ilexible housing 3H which is fastened to the housing flange 305 at 3| 2,

The brakes are actuated by means of power chambers |83, |84 secured to the side frame members 304. The plunger (not shown) in the power chamber is attached to shaft 3|4 and is connected to the link 3|5 to which are connected the brake actuating cables 3|0. A spring 3|6 serves to retract the brakes when the power chamber lets Another important feature .of the enlarged ends 305 of the longitudinal side members is the means provided at 3|1 for the mounting of the linkage by which the .axles 303 and wheels 30| are raised and lowered. The housing 3|1 is formed with its inside walls 3I8 spaced to form guide plates for the shackles 320. Shackle boit 32| secures one end of the shackle to the wheel frame member 304 and shackle bolt 322 secures the other end of the shackle to link 323. By fitting the shackles 320 to fill the Space between the side walls 3|8 I provide a device which is rigid and has a minimum of fore and aft play.

The connection between the wheel truck just described and the road axle 34 of Athe vehicle steering spindles 31 at each end, is accomplished by means of an intermediate frame member generally indicated at 330. 'I'his intermediate frame member comprises the bolster member 33| and the housing 333 which tie together the ends of the longitudinal members 332. The bolster member 33| has roller bearing 334 set in a recess on its upper side (see Fig. 8), and an opening in its center to receive a king pin 335 which projects downwardly from the plate 336 which is carried by the vehicle road axle 34. It is fastened to the latter by means of a plate 331 and bolts 338. On`

the under side of the axle plate member 336 I prefer to mount rollers 340 which engage a ,suitable track 34| formed in the upper side of the bolster member 33|, concentric with the roller bearing 334. The king pin 335 pivotally connects the rail truck frame to the vehicle road axle 34.

The housings 333 carried at each end of the longitudinal members 332 are identical and have extending upwardly a rib 343 which serves as a bearing member for one end of the links 323. These are pivotally attached by bolts 344 and permit the links 323 to move between the positions shown in Figs. 11 and 12.

The raising and lowering of the rail truck and wheels is accomplished by means of the links 323 which have extensions 345 formed near their middle on the upper side. Links 346 are pivotally attached at one end to these projections and are pivotally secured at 341 to the female screw members 348. As these members 348 are pulled into the housing 333 they cause a lowering of the rail truck and wheels onto the rails 29, and their continued movement effects a lifting of the road wheels 38 from contact with the road. In other words, they cause the rail truck to move from the position shown in Fig. 11 to the position shown in Fig. 12. If it is desired to change the front end of the vehicle from rail to road position, that is from the position shown in Fig. 12 to the position shown in Fig. 11, the screw members 348 are caused to move outwardly in end housings 333. There is one of these housings on each end of the side intermediate frame members 332.

The in and out movement of the female screw members 348 is effected by means of the male screw members 35| having a worm pinion 352 fitted in the enlarged central portion of the housing 333. The sides of pinion 352 bear against the walls of this recess and provide whatever support is needed for the thrust of the screws 36|. This thrust is reduced to a minimum by having the screw threads on opposite sides of the pinion 352, a right hand and a left hand thread.

Movement of the worm pinion 352 is effected by means of a worm gear 353 suitably mounted in the housing 333 on the end of shaft 354. While I have shown this worm gear on the underside of the pinion 352 I prefer to mount it on the upper side when additional road clearance is desirable. As shown, the shaft 354 is made up of three parts, the end sectionsto which the worms 353 are secured and a center section to which the pinion gear 355 is secured. The three parts are connected together by couplings 356.

off shaft 365 with the engine.

The pinion gear 355 is mounted in the gear housing 351 which is fastened by means of brackets 353 to the bolster 33|. In the housing 351 is another shaft 333 to which is rigidly secured a pinion 36| meshing with pinion 355. Movement of. the ltruck from the rail to the road position and vice versa is effected by rotation of shaft 363. I show this in Fig. 13 as being driven from a shaft 362 through toggle joints 363 and jack shaft 364. The short shaft 362 connects up with a suitable source of power shown in Fig. 3 as a chain drive 351 from a power take-oi! shaft 365,"

on the end of the vehicle transmission 365. To

care for any breakdown in this power drive con` nection to the shaft 363, I have squared its end at 363 to receive a suitable crank which would be inserted from the front end of the truck.

By forming the longitudinal frame member 334 with the ange projection 335 extending outwardly I provide a recess in which the road wheel 33 can move on its spindle mounting 326.

The raising vor lowering of the front truck mechanism is controlled from the operators cab where there is positioned a control lever 363 for connecting and disconnecting the power take- Rotation of this shaft in one direction will raise the truck for road operation, whereas rotation in the opposite direction will lower the truck for rail operation.

` As aguide to the operator in the raising and lowering of the front truck I provide a tell-tale mechanism 31|! mounted in the cab and having a hand (not shown), which in one position denotes.

" anyone on the ground to complete the changeup and in the other denotes down" for the rail truck. It is operatedl by means of a cable passing inside the flexible tubing 31| which Vis connected to the raising and lowering mechanism at 312. A similar teil-tale 330 is arranged to show the position of the rear wheel units and comprises thel flexible tubing 33|, with a cable inside connecting the instrument dial to cross-shaft |52, at 332. In this case the indicator hand oscillates over and back when signallingV a shift from road whe to rail wheel, or vice versa.

Operation The following description of operation of my device will show the interrelation of the parts and the sequence of their functioning.

Arranged within reach-of the operator are the controls, and instruments comprising among other things the conventional engine clutch lever (not shown); the usual engine gear shift lever (not shown); the conventional foot brake pedal |35, the hand valve III on the steering column 383; the power-take-off control lever 363 for the front end; 'and the rear wheel shifting release lever 204.

I shall start with the parts in position for road operation and shall assume that the road rail vehicle is being driven under power along a (see Figs. 2, 5, 11, 13) and the rear rail wheels 33 are likewise held above the road (see Figs. 2, 14,l

19, 20,21, and 32).

The truck engine 334 istransmitting power through the usual means to the rear axle 60, from whence the power is being transmitted to the rear road wheel 33 by means of pinion gear ||2, and internal ring gear 3| (see Figs. 19 and 20). With the modification shown in Figs. 30, 31, and 32 the rear wheel receives its power from axle 30, through pinion'gear I I2, idler gears 33 and ring pinion gear 31,' mounted on the hub `35 of the rear road wheel 33. The advantage of this construction over the internal gear drive is that the road wheels 33 will turn about the same .speed as the rail wheels can be turned, and therefore give equal performance on road or rail. f The front road wheel brakes are. conventional and are actuated by power chamber 335 (see Fig. 4). 'I'he rear road wheel brakes |35 (Figs. 16 and 19) are actuated -by power chambers' |35, each mounted on the anchor plates 30. Power chambers 335, and receive air pressure from storage tanks |1I, whenever valve |34 is opened by depressing foot pedal |35.

My device effects no change in road operation, over the conventional |35, also mounted onthe anchor plates 33 are actuated each time air chambers |35 apply the brakes. Power chamber |35 when actuated, causes cam levers |30 and |34 to move into the position shown in Figs. 18 and 19. This movement however makes no change in the position of shifting frame |25, |23, |21. as it is already being held in the position shown, by the cross member |43 on .locking member |31. the latter being positively positioned by screw threads |42.

Now let us assume the driver desires to cease road'operation 'and to take up rail operation The vehicle is driven into position with the center line of the truck coinciding with the center line of the rails. The operator does not have to leave the cab nor does he require the assistance of over from road to rail or vice versa.

The better practice is to lower the front rail wheels onto the rails before lowering the rear rail wheels; and on the change from rail to road operation the better practice is to raise the front rail wheels after the rear rail wheels have been lifted. In other words, have the front rail wheels down during each changeover operation. 'I'he reason for this is that the shift of the rear wheels causes a longitudinal movement of the truck along the ground. To accomplish the shift of the rear wheels the road wheel brakes must be locked, and as the front and rear road brakes operate from one valve |64 the front wheels would be locked and would have to slide over the ground; whereas, if the front rail wheels are always down during the changeover the necessary longitudinal movement will be had without any resistance from brakes on the front rail wheels (operated by hand valve I8 I).

With the truck in position; the engine clutch' transmits power from the engine 334 through chain 361, shaft 352, toggle 363, shaft 354, 360

to gears 36|, 355, to shaft 354, worm 353, worm pinion 352 and male screw member 35|, causing female screw members 343 to move inward, pulling links 346, 323 downwardly and shifting front truck 300 from the position shown in Fig. 11 to the one in Fig. 12 with the front rail wheels 33| on the rails 29 and the front road wheels 33 lifted clear4 of the road. The operator is advised of the completion and progress of the shift by the indicator hand in instrument 310, the latter being actuated by a cable in tube 31|, fastened to the toggle link bolt at 312 (Fig. `9). When the indicator hand reads "Rail down the engine clutch is disengaged and power take-off lever 363 is shifted into neutral position.

The remaining operation required is to `bring the rear rail wheels 39 down onto the rails 29; that is, from the position shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4, 14, 16, 19,A 20, 21, 30 and 32vinto the position shown in Figs. 3, 15, 22 and 23.

The operator disengages the engine clutch and pulls back on lever 204 which acts through links and levers 205, |94, |98, 200, |9|, and |92 to open air valve |64 and through links and levers 205, |94, |96, |91, to pull pins |60 out of slots |58 in discs |51. With pins |60 pulled, shaft |52 can oscillate. When air valve |64 opens it admits air to power chambers |65 and |35; |65 applying the brake |05 through lever ||0, thereby locking rear wheel 38 to anchor plate 80; and |35 moving cam levers |30 and |34 into the position shown in Figs. 18 and 19 to hold the shifting frame |25, |26, and 21 in toward the anchor plate until theshift to the rail Wheel is completed. This is important because the torque from axle 60 to road wheel 38 and anchor plate is through the clutch dog 8|,

(splined on axle 60 and held in engagement with pinion gear |2 by yoke ||6 controlled by shifting frame 25, |26 and |21), then to internal ring gear 9| bolted to road wheel 38. (In Fig. 32 the torque is through clutch dog 6|, then to ring pinion gear 91, through idlers 98.)

When the above conditions' are established, namely, with the axle 60 locked to road wheel 38 and anchor plate 80, and with the radius rod links |5| on lock shaft |52 unlocked, the operator places the engine gear shift lever (not shown) in "reverse and allows the clutch to remain engaged until the shift into the position shown in Figs. 3, 15, 22 and 23 is effected. 'Ihe instrument 380 in the operators cab advises when this has taken place as the operator can watch the hand move over and back to the starting point. This indicates to him that the road wheel 38 and anchor plate 80 have been moved from the position in Fig. 19 to the one in Fig. 22.

There is positive control of the extent of rotation of anchor plate 80 around housing 3|, obtained by having radius rod |45, fastened at one end to anchor plate 80 by the nut |49 and at its other end pivoted to a link |5|, rigidly mounted on the end of lock shaft |52. As the anchor plate 80 rotates in going from one position to the other, the radius rod swings forward and backward, together with link |5I (see dotted line on Fig. 29 which indicates limit of forward movement).

An additional function performed by the radius' rods |45 relates to the automatic means for closing valve I 64 upon completion of the shift. When the operator pulls back lever 204, it is necessary for him to hold it only until vdiscs |51 have been rotated, by radius rods |45 and links |5|, sufficiently to put slots |58 out of alignment with pins |60. From this point on, control of valve |64 is taken up by links and levers |60, |91, |96, |95, |98, 200, |9| and |93, so that when the discs |51 return to their starting point and pins |60 fall into slots |58, 'the above linkage effects a closing of valve |64. With valve |64 closed, the power chambers |65 and |35 return to inactive position, releasing the brakes and the lock effected through them. At this instant the operator should release the engine clutch, but if he does not do so, no harm can come as the axle 60 will simply rotate road wheels 38 about spindle 82 which of course are off the road. I provide the rubber bumpers |59 on links |5| to soften the shock to the radius rod mechanism as it reaches the shifted position.

During the shift from road to rail position the pins |44 were rotated by radius rods |45 so that threads |42 engaged by pins |4| in locking member |31, moved the latter away from anchor plate 80 (see Fig. 22). The power chamber |35, however was holding the shifting frame |25, |26 and |21, and shifting yoke ||6 tight against anchor plate 80 so the only effect of moving locking member |31 out was to compress spring |23 between cross member |40 and yokemember |2|. In other words, at this point it is as if the parts are exactly as shown in Fig. 18 except that spring |23 has been compressed by cross member |40 moving away from |46. Thus, as soon as valve |64 closes, shifting frame |25, |26, |21 will be moved by spring |23 into the position shown in Fig. 17, accomplishing thereby the movement of shifting yoke ||6 and clutch dog 6| from the position shown in Fig. 20 to the position shown in Fig. 22.

This spring shifting of the clutch yoke ||6 and clutch dog 6| at the closing of valve |64, upon completion of the movement of anchor plate 80, establishes the rear wheel rail drive in operative relation. The operator then disengages the engine clutch and moves the engine gear shift lever into neutral. The vehicle is now ready for operation on its rail wheels.

'I'he drive to the rail wheel 39 is then through axle 60, clutch-dog 6|, retaining plate 1| bolted to rail wheel hub 63. 'Ihe braking of the rail wheels 39 must be delicately controlled and I have shown a sensitive hand control valve |8| mounted on steering wheel column 383 in the drivers cab. The road wheels 38 are all out of contact with the road and therefore any accidental operation of foot pedal lever |85, controlling them will have no effect on operation in the rail position.

The rear rail wheel brakes 5| and 52 are the conventional brakes on the rear axle of the truck and are applied by a power chamber |80 (see Fig. 4). The front rail wheel brakes 306 are likewise applied through power chambers |83 and |84 mounted in the front truck frame.

In both the road Wheel brakes and rail wheel brakes suitable provision is made at 386 and 381 for conducting air pressure to trailers attached to this main truck unit.

While on the rails, further operation of the roadrail vehicle, is standard to operation on the road, except for using the hand valve |8| to apply the brakes.

Now let us assume the operator has reached a point Where it is desired to cease rail operation and take up road operation. He will select a place on the rails with suitable smooth road adjacent.

The first operation on the rail to road shift,

assuming the vehicle has been brought to a standstill, is for the operator to lower the rear road wheels and thereby raise the rail wheels. We have seen thus far, that it is essential for clutch dog 6| to be in engagement with pinion gear ||2 whenever it is desired to move anchor plate 80.

The operator pulls back on lever 204 thereby opening valve |64. This does several things; power chamber |35 through cams |30 and |34 moves shifting frame |25, |26, |21 which pulls shifting yoke ||6 in toward anchor plate 80, (if lugs 4 on clutch dog 6| do not happen to align with notches ||5 in pinion ||2 no damage is done the parts as only the air pressure is urging them together) and shifts clutch dog 6| into engagement with pinion gear I I2; and compresses spring |23. Power chamber |65 applies brakes |05 in 75 

